NVDA 2021.1 新版資訊正體中文翻譯

1. 英文原文：

2021.1

This release includes optional experimental support for UIA in Excel and Chromium browsers. There are fixes for several languages, and for accessing links in Braille. There are updates to Unicode CLDR and mathematical symbols, eSpeak-NG and LibLouis.

Many bug fixes and improvements, including in Office, Visual Studio and several languages. Note: this is an Add-on API compatibility breaking release. Add-ons will need to be re-tested and have their manifest updated. This release also drops support for Adobe Flash.

New Features

• Early support for UIA with Chromium based browsers (such as Edge). (#12025)

• Optional experimental support for Microsoft Excel via UI Automation. Only recommended for Microsoft Excel build 16.0.13522.10000 or higher. (#12210)

• Easier navigation of output in NVDA Python Console. (#9784)

◦ alt+up/down jumps to the previous/next output result (add shift for selecting).

◦ control+l clears the output pane.

• NVDA now reports the categories assigned to an appointment in Microsoft Outlook, if any. (#11598)

Changes

• In browse mode, controls can now be activated with braille cursor routing on their descriptor (ie. "lnk" for a link). This is especially useful for activating eg. check-boxes with no labels. (#7447)

• NVDA now prevents the user from performing Windows 10 OCR if screen curtain is enabled. (#11911)

• Updated Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) to 38.1. (#11943)

• Added more mathematical symbols to the symbols dictionary. (#11467)

• The user guide, changes file, and key commands listing now have a refreshed appearance. (#12027)

• "Unsupported" now reported when attempting to toggle screen layout in applications that do not support it, such as Microsoft Word. (#7297)

• 'Attempt to cancel speech for expired focus events' option in the advanced settings panel now enabled by default. (#10885)

◦ This behaviour can be disabled by setting this option to "No".

◦ Web applications (E.G. Gmail) no longer speak outdated information when moving focus rapidly.

• Espeak-ng has been updated to 1.51-dev commit f6d092a9c13d864ede78c493f64a7d32cde41f09. (#12449, #12202, #12280)

• Updated liblouis braille translator to 3.17.0. (#12137)

◦ New braille tables: Belarusian literary braille, Belarusian computer braille, Urdu grade 1, Urdu grade 2.

• Support for Adobe Flash content has been removed from NVDA due to the use of Flash being actively discouraged by Adobe. (#11131)

• NVDA will exit even with windows still open, the exit process now closes all NVDA windows and dialogs. (#1740)

• The Speech Viewer can now be closed with alt+F4 and has a standard close button for easier interaction with users of pointing devices. (#12330)

• The Braille Viewer now has a standard close button for easier interaction with users of pointing devices. (#12328)

• In the Elements List dialog, the accelerator key on the "Activate" button has been removed in some locales to avoid collision with an element type radio button label. When available, the button is still the default of the dialog and as such can still be invoked by simply pressing enter from the elements list itself. (#6167)

Bug Fixes

• The list of messages in Outlook 2010 is once again readable. (#12241)

• In terminal programs on Windows 10 version 1607 and later, when inserting or deleting characters in the middle of a line, the characters to the right of the caret are no longer read out. (#3200)

◦ This experimental fix must be manually enabled in NVDA's advanced settings panel by changing the diff algorithm to Diff Match Patch.

• In MS Outlook, inappropriate distance reporting when shift+tabbing from the message body to the subject field should not occur anymore. (#10254)

• In the Python Console, inserting a tab for indentation at the beginning of a non-empty input line and performing tab-completion in the middle of an input line are now supported. (#11532)

• Formatting information and other browseable messages no longer present unexpected blank lines when screen layout is turned off. (#12004)

• It is now possible to read comments in MS Word with UIA enabled. (#9285)

• Performance when interacting with Visual Studio has been improved. (#12171)

• Fix graphical bugs such as missing elements when using NVDA with a right-to-left layout. (#8859)

• Respect the GUI layout direction based on the NVDA language, not the system locale. (#638)

◦ known issue for right-to-left languages: the right border of groupings clips with labels/controls. (#12181)

• The python locale is set to match the language selected in preferences consistently, and will occur when using the default language. (#12214)

• TextInfo.getTextInChunks no longer freezes when called on Rich Edit controls such as the NVDA log viewer. (#11613)

• It is once again possible to use NVDA in languages containing underscores in the locale name such as de_CH on Windows 10 1803 and 1809. (#12250)

• In WordPad, configuration of superscript/subscript reporting works as expected. (#12262)

• NVDA no longer fails to announce the newly focused content on a web page if the old focus disappears and is replaced by the new focus in the same position. (#12147)

• Strikethrough, superscript and subscript formatting for entire Excel cells are now reported if the corresponding option is enabled. (#12264)

• Fixed copying config during installation from a portable copy when default destination config directory is empty. (#12071, #12205)

• Fixed incorrect announcement of some letters with accents or diacritic when 'Say cap before capitals' option is checked. (#11948)

• Fixed the pitch change failure in SAPI4 speech synthesizer. (#12311)

• The NVDA installer now also honors the --minimal command line parameter and does not play the start-up sound, following the same documented behavior as an installed or portable copy NVDA executable. (#12289)

• In MS Word or Outlook, the table quick navigation key can now jump to layout table if "Include layout tables" option is enabled in Browse mode settings. (#11899)

• NVDA will no longer announce "↑↑↑" for emojis in particular languages. (#11963)

• Espeak now supports Cantonese and Mandarin again. (#10418)

Changes for Developers

• Note: this is an Add-on API compatibility breaking release. Add-ons will need to be re-tested and have their manifest updated.

• NVDA's build system now fetches all Python dependencies with pip and stores them in a Python virtual environment. This is all done transparently.

◦ To build NVDA, SCons should continue to be used in the usual way. E.g. executing scons.bat in the root of the repository. Running py -m SCons is no longer supported, and scons.py has also been removed.

◦ To run NVDA from source, rather than executing source/nvda.pyw directly, the developer should now use runnvda.bat in the root of the repository. If you do try to execute source/nvda.pyw, a message box will alert you this is no longer supported.

◦ To perform unit tests, execute rununittests.bat [<extra unittest discover options>]

◦ To perform system tests: execute runsystemtests.bat [<extra robot options>]

◦ To perform linting, execute runlint.bat <base branch>

◦ Please refer to readme.md for more details.

• The following Python dependencies have also been upgraded:

◦ comtypes updated to 1.1.8.

◦ pySerial updated to 3.5.

◦ wxPython updated to 4.1.1.

◦ Py2exe updated to 0.10.1.0.

• LiveText._getTextLines has been removed. (#11639)

◦ Instead, override _getText which returns a string of all text in the object.

• LiveText objects can now calculate diffs by character. (#11639)

◦ To alter the diff behaviour for some object, override the diffAlgo property (see the docstring for details).

• When defining a script with the script decorator, the 'allowInSleepMode' boolean argument can be specified to control if a script is available in sleep mode or not. (#11979)

• The following functions are removed from the config module. (#11935)

◦ canStartOnSecureScreens - use config.isInstalledCopy instead.

◦ hasUiAccess and execElevated - use them from the systemUtils module.

◦ getConfigDirs - use globalVars.appArgs.configPath instead.

• Module level REASON_* constants are removed from controlTypes - please use controlTypes.OutputReason instead. (#11969)

• REASON_QUICKNAV has been removed from browseMode - use controlTypes.OutputReason.QUICKNAV instead. (#11969)

• NVDAObject (and derivatives) property isCurrent now strictly returns Enum class controlTypes.IsCurrent. (#11782)

◦ isCurrent is no longer Optional, and thus will not return None.

■ When an object is not current controlTypes.IsCurrent.NO is returned.

• The controlTypes.isCurrentLabels mapping has been removed. (#11782)

◦ Instead use the displayString property on a controlTypes.IsCurrent enum value.

■ For example: controlTypes.IsCurrent.YES.displayString.

• winKernel.GetTimeFormat has been removed - use winKernel.GetTimeFormatEx instead. (#12139)

• winKernel.GetDateFormat has been removed - use winKernel.GetDateFormatEx instead. (#12139)

• gui.DriverSettingsMixin has been removed - use gui.AutoSettingsMixin. (#12144)

• speech.getSpeechForSpelling has been removed - use speech.getSpellingSpeech. (#12145)

• Commands cannot be directly imported from speech as import speech; speech.ExampleCommand() or import speech.manager; speech.manager.ExampleCommand() - use from speech.commands import ExampleCommand instead. (#12126)

• speakTextInfo will no longer send speech through speakWithoutPauses if reason is SAYALL, as SayAllHandler does this manually now. (#12150)

• The synthDriverHandler module is no longer star imported into globalCommands and gui.settingsDialogs - use from synthDriverHandler import synthFunctionExample instead. (#12172)

• ROLE_EQUATION has been removed from controlTypes - use ROLE_MATH instead. (#12164)

• autoSettingsUtils.driverSetting classes are removed from driverHandler - please use them from autoSettingsUtils.driverSetting. (#12168)

• autoSettingsUtils.utils classes are removed from driverHandler - please use them from autoSettingsUtils.utils. (#12168)

• Support of TextInfos that do not inherit from contentRecog.BaseContentRecogTextInfo is removed. (#12157)

• speech.speakWithoutPauses has been removed - please use speech.speechWithoutPauses.SpeechWithoutPauses(speakFunc=speech.speak).speakWithoutPauses instead. (#12195, #12251)

• speech.re_last_pause has been removed - please use speech.speechWithoutPauses.SpeechWithoutPauses.re_last_pause instead. (#12195, #12251)

• WelcomeDialog, LauncherDialog and AskAllowUsageStatsDialog are moved to the gui.startupDialogs. (#12105)

• getDocFilePath has been moved from gui to the documentationUtils module. (#12105)

• The gui.accPropServer module as well as the AccPropertyOverride and ListCtrlAccPropServer classes from the gui.nvdaControls module have been removed in favor of WX native support for overriding accessibility properties. When enhancing accessibility of WX controls, implement wx.Accessible instead. (#12215)

• Files in source/comInterfaces/ are now more easily consumable by developer tools such as IDEs. (#12201)

• Convenience methods and types have been added to the winVersion module for getting and comparing Windows versions. (#11909)

◦ isWin10 function found in winVersion module has been removed.

◦ class winVersion.WinVersion is a comparable and order-able type encapsulating Windows version information.

◦ Function winVersion.getWinVer has been added to get a winVersion.WinVersion representing the currently running OS.

◦ Convenience constants have been added for known Windows releases, see winVersion.WIN* constants.

• IAccessibleHandler no longer star imports everything from IAccessible and IA2 COM interfaces - please use them directly. (#12232)

• TextInfo objects now have start and end properties which can be compared mathematically with operators such as < <= == != >= >. (#11613)

◦ E.g. ti1.start <= ti2.end

◦ This usage is now prefered instead of ti1.compareEndPoints(ti2,"startToEnd") <= 0

• TextInfo start and end properties can also be set to each other. (#11613)

◦ E.g. ti1.start = ti2.end

◦ This usage is prefered instead of ti1.SetEndPoint(ti2,"startToEnd")

• wx.CENTRE_ON_SCREEN and wx.CENTER_ON_SCREEN are removed, use self.CentreOnScreen() instead. (#12309)

• easeOfAccess.isSupported has been removed, NVDA only supports versions of Windows where this evaluates to True. (#12222)

• sayAllHandler has been moved to speech.sayAll. (#12251)

◦ speech.sayAll.SayAllHandler exposes the functions stop, isRunning, readObjects, readText, lastSayAllMode.

◦ SayAllHandler.stop also resets the SayAllHandler SpeechWithoutPauses instance.

◦ CURSOR_REVIEW and CURSOR_CARET has been replaced with CURSOR.REVIEW and CURSOR.CARET.

• speech.SpeechWithoutPauses has been moved to speech.speechWithoutPauses.SpeechWithoutPauses. (#12251)

• speech.curWordChars has been renamed speech._curWordChars. (#12395)

• the following have been removed from speech and can be accessed through speech.getState(). These are readonly values now. (#12395)

◦ speechMode

◦ speechMode_beeps_ms

◦ beenCanceled

◦ isPaused

• to update speech.speechMode use speech.setSpeechMode. (#12395)

• the following have been moved to speech.SpeechMode. (#12395)

◦ speech.speechMode_off becomes speech.SpeechMode.off

◦ speech.speechMode_beeps becomes speech.SpeechMode.beeps

◦ speech.speechMode_talk becomes speech.SpeechMode.talk

• IAccessibleHandler.IAccessibleObjectIdentifierType is now IAccessibleHandler.types.IAccessibleObjectIdentifierType. (#12367)

• The following in NVDAObjects.UIA.WinConsoleUIA have been changed (#12094)

◦ NVDAObjects.UIA.winConsoleUIA.is21H1Plus renamed NVDAObjects.UIA.winConsoleUIA.isImprovedTextRangeAvailable.

◦ NVDAObjects.UIA.winConsoleUIA.consoleUIATextInfo renamed to start class name with upper case.

◦ NVDAObjects.UIA.winConsoleUIA.consoleUIATextInfoPre21H1 renamed NVDAObjects.UIA.winConsoleUIA.ConsoleUIATextInfoWorkaroundEndInclusive

■ The implementation works around both end points being inclusive (in text ranges) before microsoft/terminal PR 4018

■ Workarounds for expand, collapse, compareEndPoints, setEndPoint, etc

2. 正體中文翻譯：

NVDA新版資訊

2021.1

中文摘譯內容

此版本包括新增了在 Excel 和 Chromium 瀏覽器中對 UIA 的可選擇性支援，對一些語言和點字的錯誤進行修復，也對 Unicode CLDR 和數學符號、eSpeak-NG 語音和 LibLouis 都有更新。 此外，也包括許多錯誤修正與改進，包括在 Office、Visual Studio 和一些語言上的支援均有改善。

注意：

• 此版本可能導致舊的附加元件不相容，在更新附加元件前必須事先測試。

• 此版本放棄了對Adobe Flash的支援。

新版重點

• 初步支援在以 Chromium 為基礎的瀏覽器（如 Edge）中使用 UIA。

• 可選擇的實驗性功能，在微軟 Excel 中使用 UIA。只推薦使用微軟 Excel 16.0.13522.10000 或更高版本的使用者啟用。

• 在 NVDA Python 主控台的輸出窗格更容易瀏覽。

◦ 按 Alt+上/下方向鍵來跳至上/下一個輸出結果；若要選取則加上 Shift。

◦ Ctrl+L 可清除輸出窗格中的內容。

• NVDA現在會報讀 Microsoft Outlook中的約會類別，如果有的話。 (#11598)

• 在瀏覽模式中，可以使用點顯器上的游標定位鍵，在元件描述的地方按下來啟用項目，（如：在表示連結的符號 lnk 上按定位鍵來啟用連結），這很適合用在沒有標籤文字的核取方塊。 (#7447)

• 如果啟用了螢幕簾幕，NVDA 會防止使用者執行Windows 10 光學字元辨識。 (#11911)

• 更新 Unicode 常用表情符號資料庫（CLDR）至39.0。 (#11943)

• 在標點符號讀音字庫中新增了更多數學符號。 (#11467)

• 用戶指南、新版資訊和指令快速參考表有了新的外觀。(#12027)

• 當試圖在不支援螢幕實際配置的應用程式（如微軟 Word）中切換螢幕實際配置時，現在將報讀「不支援」。 (#7297)

• 進階設定中的「嘗試將已過期焦點事件的語音取消」選項現在預設啟用。 (#10885)

◦ 若要停用該設定可將它取消勾選。

◦ 當在網頁應用程式（如Gmail）中快速移動焦點時，將不再報讀焦點已過期的資訊。

• 更新 liblouis 點字轉譯對照表至版本3.17.0。 (#12137)

◦ 新增點字表。白俄羅斯文點字，白俄羅斯文電腦點字，烏爾都文1級點字，烏爾都文二級點字。

• 由於 Adobe 目前已不再建議使用 Flash，NVDA 取消了對 Adobe Flash 內容的支援。 (#11131)

• NVDA 即使在視窗開啟的情況下也會結束，結束過程現在會關閉所有NVDA視窗和對話框。 (#1740)

• 報讀內容檢視器現在可以用 Alt+F4 來關閉，並同時在畫面上有一個標準的「關閉」按鈕，以方便使用滑鼠點擊。 (#12330)

• 點字檢視器現在可以用 Alt+F4 來關閉，並同時在畫面上有一個標準的「關閉」按鈕，以方便使用滑鼠點擊。 (#12328)

• 在元件清單對話框中，「啟用」按鈕上的便捷鍵在某些地方已被移除，以避免與單選鈕元件類型的便捷鍵發生衝突。當可用時，該啟動按鈕仍然是對話框的預設值，因此仍然可以簡單地在元件清單中按下 Enter 來啟用。 (#6167)